Rat TNF-alpha FlowCytomix Simplex

Description: This FlowCytomix Simplex Kit is designed for the measurement of Rat TNF-alpha in an immunoassay analyzed on a flow cytometer. Together with the FlowCytomix Mouse/Rat Basic Kit (cat. BMS8440FF), this kit can be used to detect TNF-alpha alone or can be multiplexed with other Simplex Kits to measure a variety of analytes.

This kit contains bead population A12.

Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha (TNF-alpha), also known as cachectin, is a polypeptide cytokine produced by monocytes and macrophages. It functions as a multipotent modulator of immune response and further acts as a potent pyrogen. TNF-alpha circulates throughout the body responding to stimuli (infectious agents or tissue injury), activating neutrophils, altering the properties of vascular endothelial cells, regulating metabolic activities of other tissues, as well as exhibiting tumoricidal activity by inducing localized blood clotting. TNF-alpha also inhibits lipoprotein lipase activity resulting in cachexia, a physical wasting condition. Due to its varied actions throughout the immune system, TNF-alpha may play a role in the pathogenesis of many disease states.

TNF-alpha production is mediated by the action of lymphokines and endotoxins on the macrophage. Purified monocytes produce TNF-alpha within four hours of stimulation by recombinant IL-2 and there is some in vitro evidence to suggest that TNF-alpha is expressed at high levels and with prolonged kinetics in T cells stimulated by both CD2 and CD28. Secretion of TNF-alpha is enhanced by gamma interferon. TNF then induces or enhances the specific production of Class I MHC antigen, GM-CSF, and IL-1. Recent evidence has suggested an intracellular role for this peptide.

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