Anti-Mouse IL-1 beta Pro-form APC

Description: This NJTEN3 monoclonal antibody reacts with the pro-form of mouse IL-1β, which is a proinflammatory cytokine expressed by monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells. It is synthesized in response to inflammatory stimuli as a 31 kDa inactive pro-form that accumulates in the cytosol. Cleavage of pro-IL-1β into the active 17 kDa protein requires the activation of inflammasomes, which are multi-protein complexes that respond to pathogens, stress conditions, and other danger signals. Inflammasome activation triggers the processing of the caspase-1 precursor into its active form, which in turn cleaves pro-IL-1β. IL-1β lacks a signal sequence peptide for classical ER/Golgi pathway and is instead secreted alongside caspase-1 via an alternate and incompletely understood mechanism.

IL-1β signals through two receptors, IL-1RI and IL-1RII, both of which are shared with IL-1α. These cytokines play important roles in innate host defense by triggering the production of other proinflammatory cytokines in target cells and initiating acute-phase responses. Their activity can be moderated by IL-1 Receptor Antagonist (IL-1RA), a protein produced by many cell types that blocks receptor binding through competitive inhibition. Elevated levels of IL-1β have been associated with many chronic inflammatory conditions, giving IL-RA or IL-1β neutralizing antibodies potential therapeutical value.

The NJTEN3 antibody recognizes only the pro-form of mouse IL-1β and does not see the active (cleaved) form.

References: Mayer-Barber KD, Andrade BB, Barber DL, Hieny S, Feng CG, Caspar P, Oland S, Gordon S, Sher A. Innate and adaptive interferons suppress IL-1a and IL-1ß production by distinct pulmonary myeloid subsets during Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Immunity. 2011 Dec 23;35(6):1023-34. (NJTEN3, FC, PubMed)

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Becker CE, Creagh EM, O’Neill LA. Rab39a binds caspase-1 and is required for caspase-1-dependent interleukin-1beta secretion. J Biol Chem. 2009 Dec 11; 284(50): 34531-7.

Rubartelli A, Cozzolino F, Talio M, Sitia R. A novel secretory pathway for interleukin-1 beta, a protein lacking a signal sequence. EMBO J. 1990 May; 9(5): 1503-10.