Recombinant Mouse IL-15/IL-15R Complex Single-Use ELISA RSG Standard

Description: Interleukin-15 (IL-15) is a 14 kDa proinflammatory protein that has been shown to play a role in the activation of neutrophils, dendritic cells, and macrophages, and is essential to the development and survival of NK cells and CD8 T-cells. IL-15 activates Jak/Stat pathways by signaling through a heterotrimeric receptor. Two of the subunits of this receptor, beta and gamma, are shared with the IL-2 receptor, while the alpha subunit is unique to IL-15.

Despite the expression of IL-15 mRNA in many cell types, the secreted protein is rarely detectable in biological samples. Recent research suggests that IL-15 is retained inside the cell and is only secreted in complex with its unique receptor, IL-15R alpha. This chaperoning is required from the ER to Golgi through to secretion. The cytokine/receptor complex may stay bound to the cell surface, where it can be trans-presented to cells expressing the beta/gamma subunits of the receptor, or may be secreted in a soluble form that lacks the transmembrane domain of the receptor. The soluble IL-15/IL-15R complex is produced by mouse dendritic cells, fibroblasts, and macrophages, and demonstrates a 10-100-fold increase in agonistic activity over IL-15 alone.

References: Mortier E, Quéméner A, Vusio P, Lorenzen I, Boublik Y, Grötzinger J, Plet A, Jacques Y. Soluble interleukin-15 receptor alpha (IL-15R alpha)-sushi as a selective and potent agonist of IL-15 action through IL-15R beta/gamma. Hyperagonist IL-15 x IL-15R alpha fusion proteins. J Biol Chem. 2006 Jan 20;281(3):1612-9.

Teague, R. M. Sather, B. D. Sacks, J. A. Huang, M. Z. Dossett, M. L. Morimoto, J. Tan, X. Sutton, S. E. Cooke, M. P. Ohlen, C. Greenberg, P. D. Interleukin-15 rescues tolerant CD8+ T cells for use in adoptive immunotherapy of established tumors. Nature Med. 2006; 12: 335-341.

Vamosi G, Bodnar A, Vereb G, Jenei A, Goldman CK, Langowski J, Toth K, Matyus L, Szollosi J, Waldmann TA, Damjanovich S. IL-2 and IL-15 receptor alpha-subunits are coexpressed in a supramolecular receptor cluster in lipid rafts of T cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 Jul 27;101(30):11082-7.

Dubois S, Mariner J, Waldmann TA, Tagaya Y. IL-15Ralpha recycles and presents IL-15 In trans to neighboring cells. Immunity. 2002 Nov;17(5):537-47.