Description: This Human Th1/Th2 11plex RTU FlowCytomix Kit is designed for the measurement of human IFN-gamma, IL-1-beta, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12 p70, TNF-alpha and TNF-beta in an immunoassay analyzed on a flow cytometer in a ready-to-use format.
This kit contains the following bead populations IFN-gamma (A4), IL-1beta (B8), IL-2 (A6), IL-4 (B6), IL-5 (B7), IL-6 (A12), IL-8 (A10), IL-10 (A8), IL-12 p70 (A2),TNF-alpha (B9),TNF-beta (B10).
All antibody coated bead populations, biotin conjugates, lyophilized standard proteins are premixed in one vial each. Simultaneous quantification of multiple analytes as simple to perform as an ELISA.
The term Th1 cytokines (referred to also as Type-1 cytokines) and Th2 cytokines (referred to also as Type-2 cytokines) refers to the patterns of cytokines secreted by two different subpopulations of human CD4 + Tcells that determine the outcome of an antigenic response toward humoral or cell-mediated immunity. Numerous cells other than T-cells expressing CD4 have been shown to be capable of producing Th1cytokines and Th2 cytokines. These cells include CD8 + T-cells, monocytes, natural killer cells, B-cells, eosinophils, mast cells, basophils, and other cells. Type-1 cytokines include IL-2, IFN-gamma, IL-12 and TNF-beta, while Type-2 cytokines include IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10 and IL-13. Th1 cells, but not Th2, secrete IL-2, IFN-gamma and TNF-beta, whereas Th2 cells, but not Th1 cells, express IL-4, IL-5, IL-6 and IL-10. The molecular mechanisms underlying the evolution of these two different cell types from common precursors are still not completely known. Studies with transgenic mice carrying null mutations of the IL-4 gene have shown that IL-4 plays an important role in the establishment of a functional Th2 immune response. The different patterns of cytokine secretion correspond with different functions as immune effectors. Th1 cells promote cell-mediated effector responses. Th2 cells are mainly helper cells that influence B-cell development and augment humoral responses such as the secretion of antibodies, predominantly of IgE, by B-cells. Both types of Th cells influence each other by the cytokines they secrete; IFN-gamma, for example,can downregulate Th2 clones while Th2 cytokines, such as IL-10 can suppress Th1 functions. IFN-gamma has been shown also to inhibit the proliferation of human Th2 cells but not that of Th1 helper T-lymphocyte clones. It thus appears that these functional subsets are mutually antagonistic such that the decision of which subset predominates within an infection may determine also its outcome.
