Human PMN-Elastase Platinum ELISA

Description: The human PMN Elastase ELISA is an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the quantitative detection of human PMN Elastase. The human PMN Elastase ELISA is for in vitro diagnostic use. Not for use in therapeutic procedures.

The human organism reacts with an inflammatory response to attacks of invading pathogens (microorganisms and viruses) or damaged tissue (after accidents or surgery). Polymorphonuclear (PMN) granulocytes play an important role as primary defence cells in this inflammatory reaction. Different bloodstream mediators (cytokines, leukotrienes, complement factors, bacterial endotoxins, clotting and fibrinolysis factors) attract and stimulate these cells to phagocytize and destroy not naturally occurring agents.
PMN granulocytes use proteinases to digest these agents and tissue debris. One of these proteinases is PMN elastase which is localised in the azurophilic granules of the polymorphonuclear granulocytes. During phagocytosis of foreign substances these enzymes are also partially excreted into the extracellular surrounding, where the activity of PMN elastase is regulated by inhibitors (esp. the alpha 1-proteinase inhibitor, alpha 1- PI). An overwhelming release of PMN elastase, however, can exceed the inhibitory potential of the a1-proteinase inhibitor. Thus, enzymatically active PMN elastase, together with simultaneously produced oxidants (O2-radicals, H2O2, OH-radicals), can cause local tissue injury. Due to the bloodstream and lymphatic system, however, alpha 1-PI is delivered subsequently and eventually able to form a complex with all excreted elastase. Therefore, the concentration of the PMN elastase/alpha 1- PI complex correlates with the released PMN elastase and can be used as a measure for the activity of granulocytes during an inflammatory response. Primarily, determinations of PMN elastase find its application in observation of the course of trauma, shock and sepsis. Further indications are the areas of hemodialysis, infections by obstetrics, joint diseases, effusions of sport injuries, intestinal affection, pancreatitis, cystic fibrosis and male adnex affections.

Citations: HARA,T.O.S.H.; OGAWA,F.U.M.I.; YANABA,K.O.I.C.; IWATA,Y.O.H.E.; MUROI,E.I.J.I.; KOMURA,K.A.Z.U.; TAKENAKA,M.O.T.O.; SHIMIZU,K.A.Z.U.; HASEGAWA,M.I.N.O.; FUJIMOTO,M.A.N.A.; SATO,S.H.I.N.. Elevated Serum Concentrations of Polymorphonuclear Neutrophilic Leukocyte Elastase in Systemic Sclerosis: Association with Pulmonary Fibrosis. The Journal of Rheumatology 2009;36:99-105. (Link)

Riechelmann,H.; Deutschle,T.; Rozsasi,A.; Keck,T.; Polzehl,D.; Burner,H.. Nasal biomarker profiles in acute and chronic rhinosinusitis. Clinical & Experimental Allergy 2005;35:1186-1191. (Link)

Tavor,Sigal; Petit,Isabelle; Porozov,Svetlana; Goichberg,Polina; Avigdor,Abraham; Sagiv,Sari; Nagler,Arnon; Naparstek,Elizabeth; Lapidot,Tsvee. Motility, proliferation, and egress to the circulation of human AML cells are elastase dependent in NOD/SCID chimeric mice. Blood 2005;106:2120-2127. (Link)

PAGES,F.; LEBEL-BINAY,S.; VIEILLEFOND,A.; DENEUX,L.; CAMBILLAU,M.; SOUBRANE,O.; DEBRE,B.; TARDY,D.; LEMONNE,J.-L.ROMET; Abastado,J.P.; FRIDMAN,W.H.; THIOUNN,N.. Local immunostimulation induced by intravesical administration of autologous interferon-gamma-activated macrophages in patients with superficial bladder cancer. Clinical and Experimental Immunology 2002;127:303-309. (Link)

de Blic,J.; Tillie-Leblond,I.; Tonnel,A.B.; Jaubert,F.; Scheinmann,P.; Gosset,P.. Difficult asthma in children - An analysis of airway inflammation. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2004;113:94-100. (Link)

Daryadel,Arezoo; Grifone,Remo Filippo; Simon,Hans Uwe; Yousefi,Shida. Apoptotic Neutrophils Release Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor upon Stimulation with Tumor Necrosis Factor-{alpha}. Journal of Biological Chemistry 2006;281:27653-27661. (Link)

References: Jochum,M.; Machleidt,W.; Fritz,H.. Proteolysis-induced pathomechanisms in acute inflammation and related therapeutic approaches. Agents Actions Suppl 1993;42:51-69. (Link)

Reinhardt,A.; Haidl,G.; Schill,W.B.. Granulocyte elastase indicates silent male genital tract inflammation and appropriate anti-inflammatory treatment. Andrologia 1997;29:187-192. (Link)