Anti-Human CD317 (BST2, PDCA-1) Alexa Fluor® 488

Description: This 26F8 monoclonal antibody reacts with human CD317 (also known as BST2 and tetherin). CD317 is a 30-36-kDa type II transmembrane protein expressed on B cells and bone marrow stromal cells. Although reports have indicated that CD317 mRNA is detectable in activated T cells, protein expression in freshly isolated primary T cells and macrophages is undetectable. Moreover, certain T cell lines, such as Jurkat, do not express detectable levels of CD317 protein. However, CD317 expression can be induced in many cell types (e.g., T and B cells, 293T, and HeLa) by IFNα treatment. CD317 has been associated with pre-B cell growth and the terminal differentiation of plasma B cells. More recently, this molecule has been reported to prevent HIV-1 virion release from the surface of infected cells, leading to reuptake and degradation of the virus. This activity is inhibited by the HIV-1 accessory protein Vpu. CD317 has been identified as the ligand for the ILT7 receptor.

References: Miyagi E, Andrew AJ, Kao S, Strebel K. Vpu enhances HIV-1 virus release in the absence of Bst-2 cell surface down-modulation and intracellular depletion.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009 Feb 24;106(8):2868-73.

Van Damme N, Goff D, Katsura C, Jorgenson RL, Mitchell R, Johnson MC, Stephens EB, Guatelli J. The interferon-induced protein BST-2 restricts HIV-1 release and is downregulated from the cell surface by the viral Vpu protein. Cell Host Microbe. 2008 Apr 17;3(4):245-52.

Neil SJ, Zang T, Bieniasz PD. Tetherin inhibits retrovirus release and is antagonized by HIV-1 Vpu. Nature. 2008 Jan 24;451(7177):425-30.

Ishikawa J, Kaisho T, Tomizawa H, Lee BO, Kobune Y, Inazawa J, Oritani K, Itoh M, Ochi T, Ishihara K, et al.Molecular cloning and chromosomal mapping of a bone marrow stromal cell surface gene, BST2, that may be involved in pre-B-cell growth. 1995 Genomics 26, 527–534.