Human anti-Annexin V Platinum ELISA

Description: The human anti-Annexin V ELISA is an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the quantitative detection of antibodies to human Annexin V (Vac- alpha). The human anti-Annexin V ELISA is for research use only. Not for diagnostic or therapeutic procedures.

Annexins are a family of calcium-dependent phospholipid-binding proteins. All annexins have been shown to have putative binding site for protein kinases C but only annexin V would possess a potential pseudo-substrate site. Thus annexin V seems to modulate the activity of some PKCs on their substrates.

Annexin V was found to play a major role in matrix vesicle-initiated cartilage calcification as a collage-regulated calcium channel. Annexin V?s preferential binding partner is phosphatidylserine (PS). PS is predominantly located in membrane leaflets, which face the cytosol. However, recent findings show that each cell type has the molecular machinery to expose PS at its cell surface. This machinery is activated during the execution of apoptosis. Once PS is exposed at the cell surface it exhibits procoagulant and proinflammatory activities. Annexin V will bind to the PS-exposing apoptotic cell and can inhibit the procoagulant and proinflammatory activities of the dying cell. These findings together with the presence of Annexin V in the extracellular space depict a novel pathophysiological significance for Annexin V in vivo.

The occurrence of autoantibodies to annexin V has been described in several pathological disorders. It is concluded that extracellular annexin V provides an antigenic stimulus for autoantibody production. Such autoantibodies may have a detrimental role interfering with putative functions of annexin V.

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Huber,R.; Berendes,R.; Burger,A.; Luecke,H.; Karshikov,A.. Annexin V-crystal structure and its implications on function. Behring Inst.Mitt. 1992;107-125. (Link)

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Nakamura,N.; Shidara,Y.; Kawaguchi,N.; Azuma,C.; Mitsuda,N.; Onishi,S.; Yamaji,K.; Wada,Y.. Lupus anticoagulant autoantibody induces apoptosis in umbilical vein endothelial cells: involvement of annexin V. Biochem.Biophys.Res.Commun. 1994;205:1488-1493. (Link)

Benz,J.; Hofmann,A.. Annexins: from structure to function. Biol.Chem. 1997;378:177-183. (Link)

Kaburaki,J.; Kuwana,M.; Yamamoto,M.; Kawai,S.; Ikeda,Y.. Clinical significance of anti-annexin V antibodies in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Am.J.Hematol. 1997;54:209-213. (Link)

Kuragaki,C.; Kidoguchi,K.; Nakamura,N.; Wada,Y.. Anti-annexin V antibodies in plasma and serum samples from patients with lupus anticoagulant. Am.J.Hematol. 1995;50:68(Link)