Human Adhesion 6plex FlowCytomix Multiplex

Description: This Human Adhesion 6plex FlowCytomix Multiplex is designed for the measurement of human sE-Selectin, sICAM-1, sICAM-3, sPECAM-1, sP-Selectin, sVCAM-1 in an immunoassay analyzed on a flow cytometer.

BMS812FF offers a combination of 6 adhesion molecules, including members of the immunoglobulin superfamily and the selectin familiy. The kit allows the simultaneous detection of sICAM-1, sICAM-3, sVCAM-1, sPECAM-1, sE-selectin and sP-selectin in one sample.

Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 (ICAM-1) functions as a ligand for the Lymphocyte Function-Associated Antigen-1 (LFA-1), an alpha-betacomplex that is a member of the leukocyte integrin family of cell-cell and cell-matrix receptors, which mediates lymphocyte adhesion.

Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-3 (ICAM-3) functions as a counter-receptor to ICAM-1 and ICAM-2 in binding the Lymphocyte Function-Associated Antigen-1 (LFA-1).

The vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1, CD106) supports the adhesion of lymphocytes, monocytes, natural killer cells, eosinophils, and basophils through its interaction with leukocyte very late antigen-4 (VLA-4). VCAM-1/VLA-4 interaction mediates firm adherence of circulating non-neutrophilic leukocytes to endothelium.

PECAM-1 (platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1), CD31, EndoCAM is constitutively expressed on all vascular cells and has provided a useful immunohistochemical marker of blood vessels, particularly in the setting of angiogenesis. It has also been found on platelets, monocytes, neutrophils and CD8 + T cells.

E-selectin (Endothelial Leukocyte Adhesion Molecule-1 ELAM-1) belongs to the selectin family of adhesion molecules. Together with L-selectin (LECAM-1) and P-selectin (GMP-140), E-selectin mediates the initial interactions of leukocytes and platelets with endothelial cells. In contrast to P-selectin, E-selectin is maximally expressed 2-4 hours after cell activation. P-selectin acts as a receptor that supports binding of leukocytes to activated platelets and endothelium. P-selectin mediated adhesive interactions operate in conjunction with cell-cell interactions directed by related molecules and are likely to be important in both hemostatic and inflammatory processes.

Citations: Wong,C.K.; Ho,A.W.; Tong,P.C.; Yeung,C.Y.; Chan,J.C.; Kong,A.P.; Lam,C.W.. Aberrant expression of soluble co-stimulatory molecules and adhesion molecules in type 2 diabetic patients with nephropathy. J Clin Immunol 2008;28:36-43. (Link)

Michlmayr A.,S.Baumann,M.Zellner,C.Burghuber,P.Schuch,C.Wenzel,R.Bartsch,U.Pluschnig,I.Rech-Weichselbraun,G.Steger,R.Jakesz,M.Gnant and T.Bachleitner-Hofmann,M.Bergmann,R.Oehler. Chemotherapy induces inflammatory response in breast cancer patients. Keystonesymposia, Inflammation, Microenvironment and Cancer 2008;

References: Pigott,R.; Dillon,L.P.; Hemingway,I.H.; Gearing,A.J.. Soluble forms of E-selectin, ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 are present in the supernatants of cytokine activated cultured endothelial cells. Biochem.Biophys.Res.Commun. 1992;187:584-589. (Link)

Ryan,D.H.; Nuccie,B.L.; Abboud,C.N.; Winslow,J.M.. Vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 and the integrin VLA-4 mediate adhesion of human B cell precursors to cultured bone marrow adherent cells. J.Clin.Invest 1991;88:995-1004. (Link)

Mulligan,M.S.; Polley,M.J.; Bayer,R.J.; Nunn,M.F.; Paulson,J.C.; Ward,P.A.. Neutrophil-dependent acute lung injury. Requirement for P-selectin (GMP-140). J.Clin.Invest 1992;90:1600-1607. (Link)

Nortamo,P.; Salcedo,R.; Timonen,T.; Patarroyo,M.; Gahmberg,C.G.. A monoclonal antibody to the human leukocyte adhesion molecule intercellular adhesion molecule-2. Cellular distribution and molecular characterization of the antigen. J.Immunol. 1991;146:2530-2535. (Link)

Olaso,R.; Pairault,C.; Boulogne,B.; Durand,P.; Habert,R.. Transforming growth factor beta1 and beta2 reduce the number of gonocytes by increasing apoptosis. Endocrinology 1998;139:733-740. (Link)

Pober,J.S.; Gimbrone,M.A.,Jr.; Lapierre,L.A.; Mendrick,D.L.; Fiers,W.; Rothlein,R.; Springer,T.A.. Overlapping patterns of activation of human endothelial cells by interleukin 1, tumor necrosis factor, and immune interferon. J.Immunol. 1986;137:1893-1896. (Link)

Hogg,N.. Roll, roll, roll your leucocyte gently down the vein. Immunol.Today 1992;13:113-115. (Link)

Tang,D.G.; Chen,Y.Q.; Newman,P.J.; Shi,L.; Gao,X.; Diglio,C.A.; Honn,K.V.. Identification of PECAM-1 in solid tumor cells and its potential involvement in tumor cell adhesion to endothelium. J.Biol.Chem. 1993;268:22883-22894. (Link)

Dustin,M.L.; Rothlein,R.; Bhan,A.K.; Dinarello,C.A.; Springer,T.A.. Induction by IL 1 and interferon-gamma: tissue distribution, biochemistry, and function of a natural adherence molecule (ICAM-1). J.Immunol. 1986;137:245-254. (Link)

Gearing,A.J.; Hemingway,I.; Pigott,R.; Hughes,J.; Rees,A.J.; Cashman,S.J.. Soluble forms of vascular adhesion molecules, E-selectin, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1: pathological significance. Ann.N Y.Acad.Sci. 1992;667:324-331. (Link)

Jakobsen,P.H.; Morris-Jones,S.; Ronn,A.; Hviid,L.; Theander,T.G.; Elhassan,I.M.; Bygbjerg,I.C.; Greenwood,B.M.. Increased plasma concentrations of sICAM-1, sVCAM-1 and sELAM-1 in patients with Plasmodium falciparum or P. vivax malaria and association with disease severity. Immunology 1994;83:665-669. (Link)

Lobb,R.R.; Chi-Rosso,G.; Leone,D.R.; Rosa,M.D.; Bixler,S.; Newman,B.M.; Luhowskyj,S.; Benjamin,C.D.; Dougas,I.G.; Goelz,S.E.; .. Expression and functional characterization of a soluble form of endothelial-leukocyte adhesion molecule 1. J.Immunol. 1991;147:124-129. (Link)

Fawcett,J.; Holness,C.L.; Needham,L.A.; Turley,H.; Gatter,K.C.; Mason,D.Y.; Simmons,D.L.. Molecular cloning of ICAM-3, a third ligand for LFA-1, constitutively expressed on resting leukocytes. Nature 1992;360:481-484. (Link)

Mulligan,M.S.; Varani,J.; Dame,M.K.; Lane,C.L.; Smith,C.W.; Anderson,D.C.; Ward,P.A.. Role of endothelial-leukocyte adhesion molecule 1 (ELAM-1) in neutrophil-mediated lung injury in rats. J.Clin.Invest 1991;88:1396-1406. (Link)

Osborn,L.; Hession,C.; Tizard,R.; Vassallo,C.; Luhowskyj,S.; Chi-Rosso,G.; Lobb,R.. Direct expression cloning of vascular cell adhesion molecule 1, a cytokine-induced endothelial protein that binds to lymphocytes. Cell 1989;59:1203-1211. (Link)

Redl,H.; Dinges,H.P.; Buurman,W.A.; van der Linden,C.J.; Pober,J.S.; Cotran,R.S.; Schlag,G.. Expression of endothelial leukocyte adhesion molecule-1 in septic but not traumatic/hypovolemic shock in the baboon. Am.J.Pathol. 1991;139:461-466. (Link)

Freedman,A.S.; Munro,J.M.; Morimoto,C.; McIntyre,B.W.; Rhynhart,K.; Lee,N.; Nadler,L.M.. Follicular non-Hodgkin's lymphoma cell adhesion to normal germinal centers and neoplastic follicles involves very late antigen-4 and vascular cell adhesion molecule. Blood 1992;79:206-212. (Link)

Rothlein,R.; Dustin,M.L.; Marlin,S.D.; Springer,T.A.. A human intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM-1) distinct from LFA-1. J.Immunol. 1986;137:1270-1274. (Link)

DeLisser,H.M.; Newman,P.J.; Albelda,S.M.. Platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule (CD31). Curr.Top.Microbiol.Immunol. 1993;184:37-45. (Link)

Von Andrian,U.H.; Hansell,P.; Chambers,J.D.; Berger,E.M.; Torres,Filho,I; Butcher,E.C.; Arfors,K.E.. L-selectin function is required for beta 2-integrin-mediated neutrophil adhesion at physiological shear rates in vivo. Am.J.Physiol 1992;263:H1034-H1044. (Link)

Wellicome,S.M.; Kapahi,P.; Mason,J.C.; Lebranchu,Y.; Yarwood,H.; Haskard,D.O.. Detection of a circulating form of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1: raised levels in rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus. Clin.Exp.Immunol. 1993;92:412-418. (Link)

de Fougerolles,A.R.; Springer,T.A.. Intercellular adhesion molecule 3, a third adhesion counter-receptor for lymphocyte function-associated molecule 1 on resting lymphocytes. J.Exp.Med. 1992;175:185-190. (Link)

Lotan,R.; Raz,A.. Endogenous lectins as mediators of tumor cell adhesion. J.Cell Biochem. 1988;37:107-117. (Link)

Berger,R.; Albelda,S.M.; Berd,D.; Ioffreda,M.; Whitaker,D.; Murphy,G.F.. Expression of platelet-endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1) during melanoma-induced angiogenesis in vivo. J.Cutan.Pathol. 1993;20:399-406. (Link)

DeLisser,H.M.; Newman,P.J.; Albelda,S.M.. Molecular and functional aspects of PECAM-1/CD31. Immunol.Today 1994;15:490-495. (Link)