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Questions? Please consult our answers to frequently asked questions at http://www.ebioscience.com/faq. DescriptionThe FJK-16s antibody reacts with mouse/rat Foxp3 also known as FORKHEAD BOX P3, SCURFIN, and JM2; cross reactivity of this antibody to other proteins has not been determined. Foxp3, a 49-55 kDa protein, is a member of the forkhead/winged-helix family of transcriptional regulators, and was identified as the gene defective in ‘scurfy’ (sf) mice. Constitutive high expression of Foxp3 mRNA has been shown in CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells (Treg cells), and ectopic expression of Foxp3 in CD4+CD25- cells imparts a Treg phenotype in these cells. Immunoblotting with FJK-16s antibody has mapped the epitope to amino acids 75-125 of the mouse Foxp3 protein. In the human, this region has been shown to be alternatively spliced at the mRNA level. Both the alternatively-spliced and non-spliced isoforms are present in the CD4+CD25+ subset of lymphocytes. Preliminary RT-PCR experiments have not revealed this alternatively-spliced isoform in mouse splenocytes, suggesting different gene regulation in the mouse and human. Intracellular staining of mouse splenocytes with FJK-16s using the mouse Foxp3 staining sets and protocol reveals approximately 2% of total splenocytes in the C57Bl/6 strain and approximately 3-5% in the BALB/c mouse strain. Multicolor flow cytometric analysis demonstrates approximately 90% of the CD4+CD25+ cells and 4% of the CD4+CD25- cells staining with FJK-16s. B220+, CD11b+, CD11c+, and Ly6G/Gr-1+ cells do not show significant co-staining with FJK-16s. These data are consistent with a recent report which follows expression of Foxp3, using a GFP knock-in (Fontenot et al, 2005). FJK-16s cross-reacts with rat Foxp3. This has been demonstrated by intracellular staining of Foxp3 and flow cytometry of rat splenocytes using the same method and reagents as used for mouse tissue. Please note that the CD4 and CD25 antibodies included in this kit only recognize the mouse antigens. For staining rat tissue, please use (CD4 FITC cat. 11-0400 and CD25 cat. 13-0390) The anti-mouse Foxp3 Staining Set has been formulated and optimized for the staining of mouse splenocytes with the FJK-16s monoclonal antibody Not included: Isotype controls for anti-CD4 (rat IgG2a, cat. 11-4321) and anti-CD25 (rat IgG1, cat. 17-4301) Components:
Applications ReportedFor research use only, not for diagnostic or therapeutic use. References
Aswad, F., Kawamura, H., and G. Dennert. 2005. High Sensitivity of CD4+CD25+ Regulatory T Cells to Extracellular Metabolites Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide and ATP: A Role for P2X7 Receptors. J Immunol. 175:3075-3083. (FJK-16s, Intracellular Staining for Flow Cytometry, Pubmed) Beyersdorf, N., Gaupp, S., Balbach, K., Schmidt, J., Tokya, K.V., Lin, C.H., Hanke, T., Hunig, T., Kerkau, T., and R. Gold. 2005. Selective targeting of regulatory T cells with CD28 superagonists allows effective therapy of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. J Exp Med. 202(3): 445-455. (FJK-16s, Intracellular Staining for Flow Cytometry in Rat, Pubmed) Fields, M.L., B.D. Hondowicz, M.H. Metzgar, S.A. Nish, G.N. Wharton, C.C. Picca, A.J. Caton, and J. Erikson. 2005. CD4+CD25+ Regulatory T cells inhibit the maturation but not the initiation of an autoantibody response. J. Immunol. 175: 4255-4264. (FJK-16s, Intracellular Staining for Flow Cytometry, PubMed) Ko K., S. Yamazaki, K. Nakamura, T. Nishioka, K. Hirota, T. Yamaguchi, J. Shimizu, T. Nomura, T. Chiba, and S. Sakaguchi. 2005. Treatment of advanced tumors with agonistic anti-GITR mAb and its effects on tumor-infiltrating Foxp3+CD25+CD4+ regulatory T cells. J Exp Med 202: 885-91. (FJK-16s, Intracellular Staining for Flow Cytometry, PubMed) Kohm AP, McMahon JS, Podojil JR, Begolka WS, Degutes M, Kasprowicz DJ, Ziegler SF, Miller SD. Cutting Edge: Anti-CD25 Monoclonal Antibody Injection Results in the Functional Inactivation, Not Depletion, of CD4+CD25+ T Regulatory Cells. J Immunol. 2006 Mar 15;176(6):3301-5. [FJK-16s; intracellular staining and IH/F, PubMed] McGeachy, M.J., Stephens, L.A., and S.M. Anderton. 2005. Natural Recovery and Protection from Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis: Contribution of CD4+CD25+ Regulatory Cells within the Central Nervous System. J Immunol. 175:3025-3032. (FJK-16s, Intracellular Staining for Flow Cytometry, Pubmed) Fontenot, JD., Rasmussen, JP., Williams, LM., Dooley, JL., Farr, AG., Rudensky AY. 2005. Regulatory T cell lineage specification by the forkhead transcription factor foxp3. Immunity. 22(3): 329-41. Hori ,S., Nomura, T., Sakaguchi, S. 2003. Control of regulatory T cell development by the transcription factor Foxp3. Science. 299(5609):1057-61. Protocol for IC StainingPrior to staining, dilute the Fixation/Permeabilization Concentrate (1 part) into the Fixation/Permeabilization Diluent (3 parts) to the desired volume of Fixation/Permeabilization working solution. This buffer should not be stored for more than 1 day. For example: For 12 samples, use 3 ml Fixation/Permeabilization Concentrate and 9 ml Fixation/Permeabilization Diluent. The Permeabilization Buffer is supplied as a 10X concentrate. The 10X stock should be diluted in distilled water to a 1X solution prior to use. The 1X permeabilization buffer should be made fresh before each experiment.
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