Contents: Recombinant Human IL-19 (Interleukin-19)
Catalog Number: 14-8199
Formulation: Sterile liquid; 10 mM sodium phosphate, pH 7.2, 150 mM NaCl, with 1.0% BSA. 0.22 uM filtered.
Storage Conditions: For greatest stability, keep concentration of primary stock at or above 10 µg/ml. For long term storage, aliquot into polypropylene vials (volumes of 20 µl or greater) and store at or below -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze/thaw cycles.
Handling Conditions: For best recovery, always quick-spin vial prior to opening. For dilution of current stock, always include carrier protein (1% BSA or 10% FBS) in the buffered saline diluent.
Source: E. coli expressed amino acids ser 57-ala 215 of mature human IL-19Long (accession # NM_153758).
Molecular Mass: The protein is not methionylated at the N-terminal and has a predicted molecular mass of 18,422. The DTT reduced protein migrates as an 18 kDa polypeptide on SDS-PAGE. The non-reduced protein migrates as a 14 kDa polypeptide.
Purity: Greater than 98%, as determined by SDS-PAGE
Endotoxin Level: Less than 0.01 ng/ug cytokine, as determined by the LAL assay.
Bioactivity: Measured by induction of IL-6 production by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The ED50 for this effect is typically 250 - 500 ng/ml.
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Description
IL-19 belongs to the IL-10 family, which includes IL-10, IL-19, IL-20, IL-22, IL-24, IL-26, and several virus-encoded cytokines (e.g, Y134R). Similar to IL-22, but unlike IL-10 which exists as a homodimer, IL-19 was found to be a monomer, based on protein crystal structure analysis. IL-19 gene transciption has been detected in resting monocytes and, at a lower level, in B cells; this is up-regulated in monocytes stimulated with LPS or GM-CSF. Priming monocytes with IL-4 or IL-13 (but not with IFN-γ) significantly increases the level of IL-19 mRNA induced by subsequent LPS treatment. IL-19 signals through a receptor complex that is also utilized by IL-20 and IL-24. The complex is composed of two chains, CRF2-8 (or IL-20R1) and CRF2-11 (or IL-20R2), belonging to the class II cytokine receptor family. Receptors from this family also form heterodimeric complexes for type I and type II interferons and for other IL-10-related cytokines. Binding of IL-19 to the receptor complex results in STAT3 phosphorylation. IL-19 induces IL-6 and TNF-α production in monocytes. It also induces cell apoptosis and reactive oxygen species production by monocytes. In vitro IL-19 induces IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, and IL-13 production by activated T cells, and might play an important role in the pathogenesis of asthma.
Applications Reported
For research use only, not for diagnostic or therapeutic use. The recombinant human IL-19 is fully biologically active and has been reported for use in bioassay.
Applications Tested
The recombinant human IL-19 has been tested in a bioassay of the dose-dependent induction of IL-6 production by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The ED
50 for this effect is typically 250 - 500 ng/ml. The recombinant human IL-19 bioactivity has been corroborated against other available standards.
References
Gallagher, G., et al. 2000. Cloning, expression and initial characterization of interleukin-19 (IL-19), a novel homologue of human interleukin-10 (IL-10). Genes Immun 2000; 1: 442-450.
Chang, Changsoo, et al. 2003. Crystal Structure of Interleukin-19 Defines a New Subfamily of Helical Cytokines. J. Biol. Chem. 278: 3308-3313.
Liao, S.-C., et al. 2004. IL-19 Induced Th2 Cytokines and Was Up-Regulated in Asthma Patients. J. Immunol. 173: 6712-6718.
Bartlett, N., et al. 2004. A new member of the interleukin 10-related cytokine family encoded by a poxvirus. J. Gen. Virol. 85: 1401-1412.
Jordan, W.J., et al. 2005. Human IL-19 regulates immunity through auto-induction of IL-19 and production of IL-10. Eur. J. Immunol. 35: 1576-1582.
